A PLIF operation starts with an incision along the lower back. Next, the lower back muscles are separated from the lamina, or plate on the back of your spine. After that, the lamina itself is removed, allowing for your surgeon to properly view the spine’s nerve roots. Once the disc space is properly cleaned, implants are inserted between the vertebra, restoring normal spacing and taking pressure off the rubbing vertebrae and nerve roots. Finally, a bone graft is placed in the implants and around the spine to alleviate pressure and restore normality. In the event that your spine needs additional support, screws and rods may be added. Throughout the healing process, your body will begin to repair itself by growing bone between the vertebrae, stopping the motion causing pain and discomfort.